Spinal Cord Compression

Spinal cord compression occurs when something squeezes the spinal cord — from disc herniation, tumor, infection, or trauma. Without rapid treatment it can cause permanent paralysis and bowel/bladder dysfunction.

Table of Contents

Quick Facts

  • ICD-10: G95.2
  • Severity: Emergency

Call 911

Seek emergency care for back or neck pain with:
  • Weakness in arms or legs
  • Numbness affecting both sides
  • Bowel or bladder incontinence or retention
  • Saddle anesthesia (numbness in groin/inner thighs)
  • Rapid progression of neurologic symptoms

Causes

  • Large herniated disc
  • Tumors (primary or metastatic)
  • Spinal infection/epidural abscess
  • Severe spinal stenosis
  • Trauma with fracture
  • Spinal epidural hematoma

Treatment

  • Emergency MRI
  • Steroids in some cases
  • Urgent surgical decompression
  • Radiation for some cancer-related compression
  • Antibiotics for infection

Related Conditions

Cauda Equina Syndrome

Related emergency

 Herniated Disc

Common cause

 Spinal Cord Injury

Different mechanism
Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider with questions about a medical condition. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency number immediately.

References

  • North American Spine Society. Spinal Cord Compression.