Bleeding

Bleeding can be visible (cuts, nosebleeds, vaginal, GI) or hidden (internal). Severe bleeding is a medical emergency requiring immediate action.

Table of Contents

Quick Facts

  • ICD-10: Various

When to Call 911

Call 911 for:
  • Bleeding that won't stop with direct pressure
  • Vomiting blood or coughing up large amounts of blood
  • Black or maroon stools, especially with weakness
  • Heavy vaginal bleeding (soaking pad in <1 hour)
  • Bleeding with severe abdominal or chest pain
  • Bleeding in someone on blood thinners after head injury
  • Signs of shock — pale, sweaty, fast heart rate, fainting

First Aid for External Bleeding

  1. Apply firm direct pressure with clean cloth or hand
  2. Elevate the area if possible
  3. Don't remove cloth — add more on top if soaked
  4. For severe limb bleeding, tourniquets are recommended if direct pressure fails (and emergency care isn't immediately available)
  5. Keep the person warm; lie them down if faint

Common Sources

  • Cuts and wounds
  • Nosebleeds
  • Heavy menstrual bleeding
  • GI bleeding (vomiting blood, black/bloody stools)
  • Blood in urine
  • Coughing up blood
  • Internal bleeding (hidden, may cause shock)

Related Symptoms

Gastrointestinal Bleeding

Common type

 Internal Bleeding

Hidden type

 Hemorrhagic Shock

Severe consequence

 Bruising

Bleeding under skin
Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider with questions about a medical condition. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency number immediately.

References

  • American College of Surgeons. Stop the Bleed.