Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a serious disorder in which the body's clotting system becomes overactive, using up clotting factors and causing simultaneous clotting and bleeding throughout the body.
Table of Contents
Quick Facts
- ICD-10: D65
- Always: Secondary to another condition
Underlying Causes
- Sepsis
- Severe trauma
- Major obstetric complications (amniotic fluid embolism, retained dead fetus)
- Cancer (especially leukemia, pancreatic)
- Severe organ damage
- Snake envenomation
- Severe transfusion reactions
Signs and Symptoms
- Bleeding from multiple sites (IV insertion, mucous membranes, surgical sites)
- Easy bruising
- Blood clots in extremities (cold, painful limbs)
- Organ dysfunction
- Confusion
Diagnosis
- Low platelet count
- Prolonged PT and aPTT
- Elevated D-dimer
- Low fibrinogen
- Schistocytes on blood smear
Treatment
- Treat the underlying cause
- Blood product replacement (platelets, plasma, fibrinogen)
- Anticoagulation in selected clot-predominant forms
- ICU-level supportive care
Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider with questions about a medical condition. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency number immediately.
References
- American Society of Hematology. DIC Resources.