Joint Contractures

A contracture is permanent or long-lasting tightening of muscle, tendon, ligament, or skin around a joint that limits movement. They can develop from prolonged immobility, scarring, or neurologic disease.

Table of Contents

Quick Facts

  • ICD-10: M62.4
  • Common after: Prolonged immobility, stroke, burns

Causes

  • Prolonged immobility (bed rest, casts)
  • Stroke or other neurologic conditions
  • Cerebral palsy
  • Burns and scar tissue
  • Muscular dystrophy
  • Dupuytren's contracture (palm)
  • Inflammatory arthritis

Prevention

  • Regular range-of-motion exercises during immobilization
  • Proper positioning of paralyzed limbs
  • Splinting
  • Early mobilization after illness or surgery
  • Physical therapy

Treatment

  • Stretching and physical therapy
  • Serial casting
  • Botox injections for spasticity-related contractures
  • Surgery for severe, fixed contractures

Related Conditions

Stroke

Common cause

 Frozen Shoulder

Specific contracture type

 Spinal Cord Injury

Cause of contractures
Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider with questions about a medical condition. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency number immediately.

References

  • American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. Contracture Resources.