Frozen Shoulder (Adhesive Capsulitis)
Frozen shoulder, or adhesive capsulitis, is a condition in which the shoulder joint capsule thickens and tightens, causing pain and progressive loss of motion. It typically progresses through three phases and resolves on its own, though recovery is slow.
Table of Contents
Quick Facts
- ICD-10: M75.0
- Common in: Ages 40–60, women
- Phases: Freezing, frozen, thawing
Phases
- Freezing (3–9 months) — increasing pain, gradual loss of motion
- Frozen (4–12 months) — pain may improve but stiffness persists
- Thawing (6 months–2+ years) — gradual return of motion
Risk Factors
- Diabetes (much higher risk)
- Thyroid disorders
- Prolonged shoulder immobility (after surgery, fracture)
- Age 40–60
- Female sex
Treatment
- NSAIDs for pain
- Physical therapy emphasizing stretching
- Intra-articular corticosteroid injections
- Hydrodilatation
- Manipulation under anesthesia or arthroscopic capsular release for refractory cases
When to See a Doctor
See a doctor for progressive shoulder stiffness with pain, especially with diabetes or thyroid disease. Early treatment can shorten the course.
Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider with questions about a medical condition. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency number immediately.
References
- American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Frozen Shoulder Information.