Asbestosis
Asbestosis is chronic scarring of the lungs caused by inhaling asbestos fibers, typically from occupational exposure decades earlier. There is no cure; treatment focuses on managing symptoms and monitoring for cancer.
Table of Contents
Quick Facts
- ICD-10: J61
- Latency: Often 20–40 years after exposure
Symptoms
- Progressive shortness of breath, especially with activity
- Persistent dry cough
- Chest tightness or pain
- Crackling sounds on lung exam
- Clubbing of fingertips (advanced)
Diagnosis
- Exposure history
- Chest X-ray and high-resolution CT
- Pulmonary function tests showing restrictive pattern
- Lung biopsy in unusual cases
Related Conditions
- Mesothelioma (rare but specific to asbestos exposure)
- Lung cancer (especially in smokers)
- Pleural plaques and effusions
Treatment
- No cure for the scarring itself
- Don't smoke; quit if you do (substantially increases lung cancer risk)
- Pulmonary rehabilitation
- Oxygen for hypoxemia
- Vaccinations against flu and pneumonia
- Regular surveillance for lung cancer and mesothelioma
- Antifibrotic medications in selected cases
Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider with questions about a medical condition. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency number immediately.
References
- American Thoracic Society. Asbestos-Related Disease Information.