Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is an immune-mediated inflammatory lung disease caused by inhaling specific organic dusts or chemicals. Common triggers include mold, bird droppings (bird fancier's lung), and farm exposures.
Table of Contents
Quick Facts
- ICD-10: J67
- Treatment: Avoid exposure, sometimes steroids
Symptoms
Acute form
- Flu-like illness 4–6 hours after exposure
- Fever, chills, body aches
- Cough, shortness of breath
Chronic form
- Progressive shortness of breath
- Persistent cough
- Weight loss, fatigue
- Lung fibrosis on imaging
Common Triggers
- Mold in damp environments
- Bird droppings or feathers (parakeets, pigeons)
- Hay or moldy grain (farmer's lung)
- Hot tubs and humidifiers (bacteria)
- Certain chemicals
Treatment
- Identify and avoid the trigger (most important step)
- Corticosteroids for moderate-severe disease
- Oxygen if hypoxemic
- Pulmonary rehabilitation
- Antifibrotic medications for advanced chronic disease
Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider with questions about a medical condition. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency number immediately.
References
- American Thoracic Society. Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis Guidelines.