Muscle Spasms

Muscle spasms are sudden, involuntary contractions of one or more muscles. Most spasms are brief, painful but harmless, while persistent or severe spasms may signal underlying problems.

Quick Facts

  • ICD-10: M62.838
  • Common cause: Dehydration, overuse

Common Causes

  • Dehydration or electrolyte imbalance
  • Overuse or muscle fatigue
  • Inadequate stretching before exercise
  • Nerve compression (e.g., from herniated disc)
  • Pregnancy
  • Medications (statins, diuretics)
  • Mineral deficiencies (calcium, magnesium, potassium)
  • Neurologic conditions (dystonia, MS, ALS)
  • Restless legs syndrome

Self-Care

  • Gentle stretching of the affected muscle
  • Massage
  • Heat or cold application
  • Hydration and electrolyte balance
  • OTC pain medication if needed

When to See a Doctor

See a doctor for:

  • Severe or persistent spasms
  • Spasms with weakness or numbness
  • Frequent spasms not explained by exercise or dehydration
  • Spasms with skin changes or muscle wasting
Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider with questions about a medical condition. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency number immediately.

References

  • American Academy of Family Physicians. Muscle Cramps Information.