Spinal Fracture

Spinal fracture is a break in one or more vertebrae. Causes range from major trauma to weakening from osteoporosis. Spinal cord injury risk depends on the type and location of fracture.

Table of Contents

Quick Facts

  • ICD-10: S22, S32

Emergency

After significant trauma or fall, do not move the person unless absolutely necessary. Call 911 for back pain with weakness, numbness, or loss of bowel/bladder control.

Types

  • Compression fracture — common with osteoporosis or low-impact falls
  • Burst fracture — high-energy injury; may compress spinal cord
  • Flexion-distraction — common in seat belt injuries
  • Fracture-dislocation — high risk of cord injury

Treatment

  • Bracing for stable fractures
  • Pain control
  • Kyphoplasty or vertebroplasty for symptomatic osteoporotic compression fractures
  • Surgery for unstable fractures or cord compression
  • Treatment of underlying osteoporosis
  • Physical therapy
Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider with questions about a medical condition. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency number immediately.

References

  • American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Spinal Fracture Resources.