Raynaud's Phenomenon
Raynaud's phenomenon causes the small blood vessels in fingers and toes to overreact to cold or stress, leading to characteristic color changes and discomfort. Most cases are mild; some signal an underlying autoimmune disease.
Table of Contents
Quick Facts
- ICD-10: I73.0
- Two forms: Primary, secondary
- Triggers: Cold, stress
Symptoms
- Color changes in fingers or toes: white, then blue, then red as flow returns
- Numbness, tingling, or pain in affected areas
- Episodes triggered by cold or emotional stress
- Episodes last minutes to hours
Primary vs Secondary
- Primary — no underlying cause; usually mild; common in young women
- Secondary — associated with an underlying disease (especially scleroderma, lupus, mixed connective tissue disease); may be more severe and lead to ulcers
Treatment
Lifestyle
- Keep hands, feet, and body warm in cold weather
- Wear gloves; pre-warm car interiors
- Manage stress
- Avoid smoking
- Limit caffeine
- Review medications that can trigger episodes
Medications
- Calcium channel blockers (nifedipine, amlodipine)
- PDE5 inhibitors
- Topical nitroglycerin
- Other agents for severe secondary Raynaud's
When to See a Doctor
See a doctor for frequent or severe episodes, finger ulcers, or features suggesting connective tissue disease (joint pain, rashes, swollen fingers).
Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider with questions about a medical condition. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency number immediately.
References
- American College of Rheumatology. Raynaud's Phenomenon Information.