HELLP Syndrome
HELLP syndrome — Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes, and Low Platelets — is a severe variant of preeclampsia that occurs in pregnancy or shortly after delivery. It is life-threatening and requires immediate care.
Table of Contents
Quick Facts
- ICD-10: O14.2
- Severity: Life-threatening
- Treatment: Delivery, supportive care
Emergency Symptoms
Pregnant patients with these symptoms need immediate care:
- Severe upper-right abdominal pain
- Severe headache, vision changes
- Nausea and vomiting (especially in third trimester)
- Swelling, especially of face and hands
- Easy bruising or bleeding
Diagnosis
- Hemolysis (low haptoglobin, elevated LDH, schistocytes on blood smear)
- Elevated liver enzymes (AST, ALT)
- Low platelet count (<100,000)
- Often with high blood pressure and protein in urine
Treatment
- Delivery is the definitive treatment
- Magnesium sulfate to prevent seizures
- Blood pressure control
- Corticosteroids in preterm cases (for fetal lung maturity)
- Blood product transfusion if needed
- ICU-level care
Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider with questions about a medical condition. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency number immediately.
References
- American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. HELLP Syndrome.