Preterm Labor
Preterm labor is the onset of labor before 37 weeks of pregnancy. Babies born preterm may face health challenges. Prompt recognition and care can sometimes delay delivery to allow more time for fetal development.
Table of Contents
Quick Facts
- ICD-10: O60
- Defined as: Before 37 weeks
- Emergency: Always evaluate
Signs of Preterm Labor — Go to Hospital
Contact your obstetrician or go to the hospital before 37 weeks for:
- Regular contractions (four or more in an hour)
- Low, dull backache
- Pelvic pressure
- Fluid leaking from the vagina (possible water breaking)
- Increased vaginal discharge or bleeding
- Abdominal cramps, with or without diarrhea
Risk Factors
- Previous preterm birth
- Multiple pregnancy (twins, triplets)
- Short interval between pregnancies
- Cervical problems (short cervix, prior surgery)
- Infections (especially urinary tract, vaginal)
- Chronic conditions (diabetes, hypertension)
- Smoking, substance use
- Severe stress
Treatment
- Hospitalization and monitoring
- Corticosteroids to accelerate fetal lung development (24–34 weeks)
- Magnesium sulfate for neuroprotection (in selected cases)
- Tocolytic medications to delay delivery 48 hours
- Antibiotics if infection suspected
- Specialized care for the newborn (NICU) when delivery occurs
Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider with questions about a medical condition. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency number immediately.
References
- American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Preterm Labor Patient Information.