Fat Embolism Syndrome

Fat embolism syndrome occurs when fat droplets enter the bloodstream, typically after long bone fractures or major surgery. It can cause breathing problems, neurologic changes, and a characteristic rash.

Table of Contents

Quick Facts

  • ICD-10: T79.1

Classic Triad

  • Respiratory distress (shortness of breath, low oxygen)
  • Neurologic symptoms (confusion, drowsiness)
  • Petechial rash (especially chest, axilla, conjunctiva)

Symptoms typically develop 24–72 hours after injury.

Treatment

  • Supportive care
  • Oxygen and ventilation support
  • Early stabilization of fractures (prevention)
  • ICU care for severe cases

Related Conditions

Bone Fracture

Common precipitant

 Pulmonary Embolism

Different embolism type
Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider with questions about a medical condition. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency number immediately.

References

  • American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Fat Embolism Information.