Falls in Older Adults
Falls are the leading cause of injury and injury-related death in older adults. Many are preventable through addressing risk factors, modifying the home, and exercise.
Table of Contents
Quick Facts
- ICD-10: Z91.81
- Major cause of: Hospitalization, fractures in older adults
Risk Factors
- Previous falls
- Muscle weakness and balance problems
- Vision impairment
- Multiple medications (especially psychoactive drugs)
- Orthostatic hypotension
- Foot problems and unsafe footwear
- Home hazards (loose rugs, poor lighting, lack of grab bars)
- Cognitive impairment
- Chronic conditions (Parkinson's, neuropathy, arthritis)
Prevention
- Exercise programs focused on strength and balance (tai chi, supervised PT)
- Medication review
- Vision check and updated glasses
- Home safety modifications (grab bars, non-slip mats, good lighting)
- Vitamin D supplementation if deficient
- Proper footwear
- Address orthostatic hypotension and underlying conditions
After a Fall
- Have a medical evaluation, especially after a fall with injury, loss of consciousness, or in someone on blood thinners
- Discuss prevention strategies
- Consider physical therapy
Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider with questions about a medical condition. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency number immediately.
References
- CDC. STEADI: Stopping Elderly Accidents, Deaths and Injuries.