Dental Abscess
A dental abscess is a pus-filled infection of a tooth or the surrounding gum. Without treatment, it can spread and become serious. Most cases are treated with drainage and antibiotics by a dentist.
Table of Contents
Quick Facts
- ICD-10: K04.7, K12.2
- Common cause: Decay reaching tooth nerve
- Treatment: Drainage, root canal or extraction
Symptoms
- Severe, throbbing toothache
- Sensitivity to hot, cold, or pressure
- Swelling of the face, cheek, or jaw
- Tender lymph nodes in the neck
- Fever
- Bad taste or foul breath
- Sudden relief of pain if the abscess ruptures (followed by bad-tasting drainage)
When to Seek Urgent Care
Seek emergency care for:
- Difficulty breathing or swallowing
- Swelling spreading to the eye, neck, or floor of the mouth
- High fever with significant swelling
Treatment
- Drainage of the abscess
- Root canal treatment to save the tooth, or extraction
- Antibiotics for spreading infection or systemic symptoms
- Pain control
Prevention
- Brush twice daily and floss daily
- Regular dental check-ups and cleanings
- Limit sugary foods and drinks
- Treat cavities promptly
Frequently Asked Questions
Will antibiotics alone cure a dental abscess?
Antibiotics control infection but rarely cure a dental abscess on their own — the source (infected pulp or pocket) usually needs dental treatment.
Can a dental abscess be life-threatening?
Rarely, but severe infections can spread to the neck, airway, or brain. Swelling that affects breathing or swallowing is an emergency.
Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider with questions about a medical condition. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency number immediately.
References
- American Dental Association. Abscess Patient Information.