Cervical Insufficiency
Cervical insufficiency (incompetent cervix) is the painless opening of the cervix during pregnancy without contractions, often leading to second-trimester loss or preterm birth. It can be managed in subsequent pregnancies.
Table of Contents
Quick Facts
- ICD-10: O34.3
- Treatment: Cerclage, progesterone
Symptoms
Cervical insufficiency may have no symptoms or only subtle ones:
- Pelvic pressure
- Backache
- Mild cramping
- Change in vaginal discharge
- Light vaginal bleeding
Risk Factors
- Previous second-trimester pregnancy loss
- Previous cervical surgery (cone biopsy, LEEP)
- Cervical injury during prior delivery
- Multiple gestation
- Congenital cervical abnormalities
Diagnosis
- Transvaginal ultrasound measuring cervical length
- History of prior losses or preterm births
Treatment
- Cervical cerclage (suture to keep cervix closed) — placed around 12–14 weeks in high-risk patients
- Vaginal progesterone
- Activity restriction in selected cases
- Close monitoring
Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider with questions about a medical condition. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency number immediately.
References
- American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Cervical Insufficiency.