Bladder Dysfunction

Bladder dysfunction is a broad term covering problems with storing or releasing urine. Causes range from age-related changes to neurologic disease, and most types are treatable.

Table of Contents

Common Types

  • Overactive bladder — urgency and frequency
  • Underactive bladder — difficulty emptying
  • Neurogenic bladder — nerve-related dysfunction
  • Stress incontinence — leakage with cough/sneeze
  • Urge incontinence — leakage with sudden urge
  • Mixed — combinations

Evaluation

  • Voiding diary
  • Urinalysis
  • Post-void residual measurement
  • Urodynamic testing in selected cases

Treatment

  • Behavioral therapy and pelvic floor exercises
  • Medications (anticholinergics, mirabegron, alpha-blockers)
  • Catheterization for retention
  • Procedures (botox, nerve stimulation, slings)
Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider with questions about a medical condition. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency number immediately.

References

  • American Urological Association. Urology Care Foundation.