Behçet's Disease

Behçet's disease is a rare chronic inflammatory disorder causing blood vessel inflammation throughout the body. Hallmarks include recurrent mouth ulcers, genital ulcers, eye inflammation, and skin lesions.

Table of Contents

Quick Facts

  • ICD-10: M35.2
  • Common in: Middle East, East Asia

Symptoms

  • Recurrent painful mouth ulcers (almost universal)
  • Genital ulcers
  • Eye inflammation (uveitis) — can threaten vision
  • Skin lesions (acne-like, erythema nodosum)
  • Joint pain
  • Vascular inflammation (vein clots, aneurysms)
  • Neurologic involvement (rare but serious)
  • GI involvement

Diagnosis

Clinical — based on recurrent oral ulcers plus other features. There is no specific lab test. Pathergy test (skin pinprick) is sometimes positive.

Treatment

  • Topical corticosteroids for mouth/genital ulcers
  • Colchicine for mucocutaneous symptoms
  • Systemic corticosteroids for severe involvement
  • Immunosuppressants (azathioprine, cyclosporine)
  • Biologics (anti-TNF, apremilast)
Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider with questions about a medical condition. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency number immediately.

References

  • American Behçet's Disease Association. Patient Resources.