Aortic Aneurysm
An aortic aneurysm is an abnormal bulging of the aorta — the largest artery in the body. They can occur in the chest (thoracic) or abdomen (abdominal). Most are asymptomatic until they rupture, which is a fatal emergency.
Table of Contents
Quick Facts
- ICD-10: I71
- Rupture: Often fatal
- Screening: Available for AAA
Rupture Is an Emergency
Call 911 for:
- Sudden severe chest, back, or abdominal pain
- Pulsating mass in the abdomen with severe pain
- Sudden loss of consciousness
- Severe weakness, sweating, paleness
Types
- Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) — most common
- Thoracic aortic aneurysm — in the chest
- Thoracoabdominal — spans both
Risk Factors
- Smoking (biggest risk factor)
- High blood pressure
- High cholesterol and atherosclerosis
- Older age, male sex
- Family history
- Connective tissue disorders (Marfan, Ehlers-Danlos)
Screening
Ultrasound screening for AAA is recommended for men ages 65–75 who have ever smoked. Selective screening is appropriate for women with risk factors.
Treatment
- Watchful waiting with periodic imaging for small aneurysms
- Blood pressure and cholesterol control
- Smoking cessation
- Surgical repair or endovascular stenting for large or rapidly growing aneurysms (typically >5–5.5 cm)
Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider with questions about a medical condition. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency number immediately.
References
- Society for Vascular Surgery. Aortic Aneurysm Patient Information.