Allergic Reaction

An allergic reaction is an immune response to a normally harmless substance. Reactions range from mild (hives, runny nose) to severe (anaphylaxis).

Table of Contents

Anaphylaxis = Call 911

Anaphylaxis signs: difficulty breathing, wheezing, swelling of lips/tongue/throat, severe hives, dizziness, fainting, rapid heartbeat. Use epinephrine if available.

Types

  • Local — itching, redness, swelling at site
  • Skin — hives, eczema, angioedema
  • Respiratory — rhinitis, asthma
  • GI — nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
  • Anaphylaxis — multisystem, life-threatening

Common Triggers

  • Foods (peanuts, tree nuts, shellfish, milk, egg, soy, wheat, fish, sesame)
  • Medications
  • Insect stings
  • Latex
  • Pollen, dust mites, pet dander

Treatment

  • Avoid triggers
  • Antihistamines for mild reactions
  • Epinephrine auto-injector for anaphylaxis history
  • Allergy testing
  • Immunotherapy for some allergies

Related Conditions

Anaphylaxis

Severe form

 Drug Allergy

Specific

 Hives

Common
Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider with questions about a medical condition. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency number immediately.

References

  • AAAAI. Allergy Resources.