Heavy Menstrual Bleeding

Heavy menstrual bleeding (menorrhagia) means losing too much blood during periods. It can interfere with daily activities and cause iron deficiency anemia. Many effective treatments exist.

Quick Facts

  • ICD-10: N92.0
  • Common cause: Fibroids, hormonal, IUD

When Is It Heavy?

  • Soaking through a pad or tampon every hour for several hours
  • Needing double protection
  • Waking at night to change protection
  • Bleeding more than 7 days
  • Passing large blood clots
  • Symptoms of anemia (fatigue, weakness, breathlessness)

Common Causes

  • Hormonal imbalance (especially anovulatory cycles)
  • Uterine fibroids
  • Adenomyosis
  • Endometrial polyps
  • Bleeding disorders (especially in teens)
  • Thyroid problems
  • Copper IUD
  • Endometrial cancer or hyperplasia (especially after menopause)
  • Medications (anticoagulants)

Treatment

  • NSAIDs (taken at the start of and during periods)
  • Tranexamic acid during periods
  • Combined hormonal contraception
  • Hormonal IUD (very effective)
  • Treatment of underlying causes (fibroid removal, polypectomy)
  • Endometrial ablation
  • Hysterectomy (definitive)
  • Iron supplementation for anemia

When to See a Doctor

Heavy bleeding is not something you have to live with. See a doctor for evaluation and treatment options.

Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider with questions about a medical condition. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency number immediately.

References

  • American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Heavy Menstrual Bleeding.