Smoke Inhalation
Smoke inhalation injury occurs from breathing harmful gases, particulates, and heated air, typically during a fire. It is the leading cause of fire-related deaths and can cause delayed lung injury hours after exposure.
Table of Contents
Quick Facts
- ICD-10: T59.81
- Risk: Lung injury, CO poisoning, cyanide
Always Seek Emergency Care
Anyone exposed to significant smoke should be evaluated immediately, even if feeling well. Carbon monoxide and other toxic gases can be lethal without visible signs.
Symptoms
- Cough, often with soot in sputum
- Shortness of breath
- Hoarseness or stridor
- Wheezing
- Headache
- Nausea, vomiting
- Confusion
- Soot around nose, mouth
- Singed nasal hairs or eyebrows
- Burns on face or chest
Treatment
- Remove from smoke source
- 100% oxygen (treats carbon monoxide poisoning)
- Bronchodilators
- Early intubation if airway swelling is a concern
- Hyperbaric oxygen for severe CO poisoning
- Cyanide antidote in selected cases
- Hospital observation for delayed lung injury
Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider with questions about a medical condition. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency number immediately.
References
- American Burn Association. Smoke Inhalation Resources.