Parasitic Infections

Parasitic infections are caused by single-celled or multicellular organisms living on or in a host. They are most common in tropical regions and where sanitation is limited, but can also occur in developed countries.

Quick Facts

  • Types: Protozoa, helminths, ectoparasites

Common Parasitic Infections

  • Giardia — waterborne diarrheal illness
  • Pinworms — common in children, cause anal itching
  • Toxoplasmosis — from cat feces, undercooked meat
  • Malaria — mosquito-borne, in endemic regions
  • Hookworm, roundworm, tapeworm
  • Lice and scabies — ectoparasites

Treatment

Antiparasitic medications vary by organism. Examples include metronidazole (Giardia), albendazole (worms), permethrin (lice/scabies), antimalarials, and others. Specific tests guide the right treatment.

Prevention

  • Hand washing
  • Food and water safety, especially when traveling
  • Cook meat thoroughly
  • Wear shoes in soil-contaminated areas
  • Use insect repellent and mosquito nets in malaria zones
  • Pregnant women avoid changing cat litter (toxoplasmosis)
Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider with questions about a medical condition. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency number immediately.

References

  • CDC. Parasitic Disease Information.