Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (MEN)
Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) is a group of inherited disorders that cause benign or malignant tumors in two or more endocrine glands. Early identification and surveillance can substantially improve outcomes.
Quick Facts
- ICD-10: D44.8
- Inheritance: Autosomal dominant
- Types: MEN1, MEN2A, MEN2B
Types
MEN1
Tumors of parathyroid, pancreas, and pituitary glands. Caused by MEN1 gene mutations.
MEN2A
Medullary thyroid cancer, pheochromocytoma, parathyroid disease. Caused by RET gene mutations.
MEN2B
Medullary thyroid cancer (often early and aggressive), pheochromocytoma, characteristic appearance.
Diagnosis
- Family history and physical findings
- Genetic testing (MEN1 and RET genes)
- Hormone level screening
- Imaging (CT, MRI, ultrasound, nuclear medicine scans)
Treatment
- Surgical removal of tumors
- Prophylactic thyroidectomy in MEN2 (often in early childhood)
- Targeted therapies for advanced medullary thyroid cancer
- Long-term surveillance for new tumors
- Genetic counseling for family members
Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider with questions about a medical condition. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency number immediately.
References
- American Thyroid Association. Medullary Thyroid Cancer Guidelines.