Miscarriage

Miscarriage (spontaneous abortion) is the loss of a pregnancy before 20 weeks. It affects 10–20% of known pregnancies. Most are due to chromosomal abnormalities and are not preventable.

Symptoms
Types
Management
When to See a Doctor

Quick Facts

ICD-10: O03
Affects: 10–20% of known pregnancies

Symptoms

Vaginal bleeding (light to heavy)
Cramping
Passing tissue from the vagina
Loss of pregnancy symptoms

Types

Threatened — bleeding with closed cervix; pregnancy may continue
Inevitable — bleeding with open cervix
Incomplete — some tissue retained
Complete — all tissue passed
Missed — fetus has stopped developing without bleeding

Management

Expectant management (let it complete naturally)
Medical management (misoprostol)
Surgical (D&C or manual aspiration)
Emotional support is critical
Rh negative women need RhoGAM

When to See a Doctor

Any bleeding in pregnancy needs evaluation. Heavy bleeding, severe pain, fever, or fainting requires emergency care.

Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider with questions about a medical condition. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency number immediately.

References

ACOG. Early Pregnancy Loss Practice Bulletin.