Facial Nerve Palsy
Facial nerve palsy is weakness or paralysis of muscles on one side of the face. Bell's palsy is the most common cause, but stroke and other conditions must be ruled out.
Table of Contents
Quick Facts
- ICD-10: G51
- Most common cause: Bell's palsy
Distinguish from Stroke
Bell's palsy affects forehead muscles equally with the rest of the face. Stroke usually spares the forehead. Sudden one-sided facial droop with arm weakness or speech changes — call 911.
Causes
- Bell's palsy (often after viral infection)
- Stroke
- Ramsay Hunt syndrome (shingles affecting facial nerve)
- Lyme disease
- Trauma
- Tumors (acoustic neuroma, parotid)
Treatment
- Bell's palsy: oral steroids started within 72 hours, antivirals in selected cases
- Eye protection (lubricating drops, patch at night)
- Treat underlying cause when identified
- Physical therapy and facial exercises
Outlook
Most Bell's palsy cases improve within weeks to months. Some have residual weakness.
Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider with questions about a medical condition. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency number immediately.
References
- American Academy of Neurology. Bell's Palsy Guidelines.