Brain Tumor
A brain tumor is an abnormal growth of cells in or around the brain. Tumors can be benign or malignant, and either start in the brain (primary) or spread from cancers elsewhere (metastatic).
Table of Contents
Quick Facts
- ICD-10: D33, C71
- Types: Primary, metastatic
- Most common primary: Meningioma, glioma
Symptoms
- New or worsening headaches, often worse in the morning
- Seizures (especially new-onset in adults)
- Persistent nausea or vomiting
- Vision or hearing changes
- Balance or coordination problems
- Personality or behavior changes
- Difficulty speaking
- Weakness or numbness on one side
- Memory problems or confusion
Diagnosis
- Neurologic examination
- MRI of the brain (preferred imaging)
- CT scan
- Biopsy or surgical resection for tissue diagnosis
- Additional imaging or molecular testing for treatment planning
Treatment
- Surgical removal when feasible
- Radiation therapy
- Chemotherapy
- Targeted therapies for specific molecular features
- Anti-seizure medications
- Steroids to reduce brain swelling
- Rehabilitation (PT, OT, speech)
When to See a Doctor
See a doctor for:
- Persistent new headaches
- First-ever seizure
- New neurologic symptoms
- Personality or memory changes
Seek emergency care for severe sudden symptoms or seizure.
Frequently Asked Questions
Are all brain tumors cancer?
No. Many brain tumors are benign (e.g., most meningiomas, pituitary adenomas). However, even benign tumors can cause significant problems by pressing on nearby structures.
Is a persistent headache likely to be a brain tumor?
Most headaches are not from tumors. Tumor-related headaches typically progress over weeks, are worse in the morning, and often come with other neurologic symptoms.
Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider with questions about a medical condition. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency number immediately.
References
- American Brain Tumor Association. Brain Tumor Resources.