Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a condition where the immune system produces antibodies against red blood cells, causing their destruction. There are warm and cold types with different triggers.

Table of Contents

Types

  • Warm AIHA — IgG antibodies; most common
  • Cold AIHA — IgM antibodies, triggered by cold; can follow infections (mycoplasma, EBV)

Treatment

  • Warm AIHA: corticosteroids, rituximab, splenectomy
  • Cold AIHA: cold avoidance, rituximab, treat underlying cause
  • Transfusions when needed (with careful crossmatching)
  • Folic acid
Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider with questions about a medical condition. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency number immediately.

References

  • ASH. AIHA Resources.