Ascites
Ascites is the accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity. Cirrhosis is the most common cause, but heart failure, cancer, and other conditions can cause it.
Table of Contents
Causes
- Cirrhosis (most common)
- Heart failure
- Cancer (especially ovarian, peritoneal)
- Kidney disease (nephrotic syndrome)
- Tuberculosis
Treatment
- Sodium restriction
- Diuretics (spironolactone + furosemide)
- Therapeutic paracentesis for tense ascites
- TIPS or transplant for advanced cirrhotic ascites
- Treat underlying cause
Watch for SBP
Fever, severe abdominal pain, or confusion in a patient with ascites may indicate spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) — needs emergency care.
Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider with questions about a medical condition. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency number immediately.
References
- AASLD. Ascites Guidelines.